The AAP statement recommends that all medically stable newborns with a minimum birth weight of grams about 4 lbs. It is contagious and adults can transmit it while caring for an infant after birth. The first dose is highly effective in preventing mother-to-baby infection when given within the first 24 hours, the report states.
The vaccine is well tolerated in infants. Communicate the mother's status regarding hepatitis B at the time of birth, and document the maternal status in the newborn's medical records.
For infants born to hepatitis B negative mothers: administer the vaccine to all infants who weigh more than grams within the first 24 hours after birth. If birth weight is less than g, administer the vaccine at one month of age or at the time of discharge from the hospital — whichever comes first.
For infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers: administer the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine AND hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth, regardless of birth weight or other co-morbidities. Document infant vaccination accurately in birth hospital records and in the appropriate CDC Immunization Information Systems and state immunization registries.
All personnel involved in newborn care should receive up-to-date information on recommendations and procedures concerning the hepatitis B vaccine. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server.
The AAP recommend that newborns receive their first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine within the first 24 hours of their life. One reason for this is that it is possible for the birth mother to pass the infection onto the baby, which is known as a perinatal infection. If a newborn contracts hepatitis B, there is a significant chance that this infection will be chronic, meaning that it will persist for a long time.
The main benefit of the vaccine is its effectiveness. If the newborn also receives the medication hepatitis B immune globulin HBIG at the correct time and a series of follow-up vaccines, the AAP estimate that the infection rate drops to between 0.
The full series of the vaccine provides the highest possible level of protection from the infection. Some people still express concern about the safety of vaccination. The reasons for this worry may vary. Part of the fear may be due to older research. For example, a study indicated an association between the Engerix B vaccine, a specific type of hepatitis B vaccine, and an increased risk of damage to the central nervous system CNS later in life.
However, the researchers note that this was the exception, not the rule. They also highlight the need for more studies to validate this finding. On the whole, their research indicates that hepatitis B vaccination generally does not increase the risk of damage to the CNS. Vaccines are subject to constant safety monitoring both during production and once doctors begin to administer them to people.
Any signs of a potentially dangerous response to a vaccine would result in immediate recall. The majority of research indicates that hepatitis B vaccines are a safe and effective way to prevent the infection. These side effects are usually very mild. The person may have a slight fever or experience soreness in the area of the shot for a few days. Although manufacturers use parts of the hepatitis B virus to create the vaccine, these are inactive. They serve only to train the body to fight against the specific cells of the virus.
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The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website. Skip to main content. Home Immunisation. Hepatitis B — immunisation. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. Complications of hepatitis B in infants and children Immunisation against hepatitis B Immunisation against hepatitis B for children Immunisation against hepatitis B for people at risk Pre-immunisation checklist Side effects of hepatitis B vaccines Managing fever after immunisation Where to get help.
Complications of hepatitis B in infants and children Mothers who are infected with hepatitis B can pass the virus to their children either through the womb rarely or at the time of birth.
Immunisation against hepatitis B The current Australia-wide immunisation program is necessary to protect all children from hepatitis B infection.
Immunisation against hepatitis B for children Immunisation is the best protection against hepatitis B infection and is recommended for all infants and young children, adolescents and those in high-risk groups. In Victoria, immunisation against hepatitis B is free for all babies and children including: Babies at birth — immunisation against hepatitis B alone as soon as possible after birth.
Babies at 2, 4 and 6 months — immunisation in the form of a diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, hepatitis B, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b Hib vaccine six-in-one vaccine. Premature babies at 12 months — premature babies born under 32 weeks gestation or under 2,g birth weight receive a single booster dose. Children up to and including 9 years of age. Immunisation against hepatitis B for people at risk In Victoria free hepatitis B vaccine is provided for people who are at increased risk, including: Men who have sex with men.
People living with HIV. Household contacts and sexual partners of people living with hepatitis B. People who inject drugs or are on opioid substitution therapy. People living with hepatitis C. People no longer in a custodial setting who commenced, but did not complete, a free vaccine course while in custody. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Vulnerable citizens — people who have experienced hardship that prevented them from accessing the vaccine earlier.
Vulnerable citizens are vaccinated based on an individual assessment by an immunisation provider. Immunisation is also recommended, but not free, for people who are at increased risk including: Adults on haemodialysis and people with severely impaired renal function who may need dialysis in the future.
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